Allele Frequency Calculator (Hardy-Weinberg)
Calculate genotype frequencies from allele frequency using Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium.
The Allele Frequency Calculator uses the Hardy-Weinberg equation (p^2 + 2pq + q^2 = 1) to predict genotype frequencies in a population from a single allele frequency.
Enter the frequency of the dominant allele (p, between 0 and 1). The calculator automatically computes q (1-p), then the three genotype frequencies: p^2 (homozygous dominant), 2pq (heterozygous), and q^2 (homozygous recessive).
The Hardy-Weinberg principle is a cornerstone of population genetics. It states that allele and genotype frequencies remain constant in a population across generations in the absence of evolution, mutation, migration, genetic drift, and selection.
Frequently Asked Questions
What is Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium?
It is a principle stating that allele frequencies in a population remain constant from generation to generation in the absence of evolutionary forces.
What do p and q represent?
p is the frequency of the dominant allele and q is the frequency of the recessive allele. Together, p + q = 1.
What does 2pq represent?
2pq is the expected frequency of heterozygous individuals (carriers) in the population.